Two articles published in the latest NEJM issue are devoted to “our finite resources” and the inevitability of rationing care. First Dr. Howard Brody is attempting to rephrase the issue as one of “waste avoidance” and is delving into the ethics of practicing waste avoidance which is defined as withholding non-beneficial care. Of course non beneficial is not a cut and dry label, so Dr. Brody is envisioning that “[a]n ethical system for eliminating waste will include a robust appeals process”, where “[p]hysicians, as loyal patient advocates, must invoke the process when (according to their best clinical judgment) a particular patient would benefit from an intervention even if the average patient won't”. While the sentiment is commendable, I am not clear who exactly should physicians appeal to “according to their best clinical judgment” and I am not certain where the newly empowered and engaged patient go. Or is all this empowerment and engagement talk just a cruel joke? The second a...